{"id":287,"date":"2015-04-17T13:26:36","date_gmt":"2015-04-17T11:26:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/astrodan.fr\/site\/?page_id=287"},"modified":"2023-02-24T17:57:58","modified_gmt":"2023-02-24T16:57:58","slug":"caracteristiques-physiques","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/astrodan.fr\/site\/soleil-2\/caracteristiques-physiques\/","title":{"rendered":"Caract\u00e9ristiques"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1″ admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbsection\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#100a3f\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbrow\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ background_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb background_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop_left\u00a0\u00bb background_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding__hover=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbText\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ background_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb background_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop_left\u00a0\u00bb background_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Le Soleil est l\u2019\u00e9toile du Syst\u00e8me solaire. Dans la classification astronomique, c\u2019est une \u00e9toile de type naine jaune, compos\u00e9e d\u2019hydrog\u00e8ne (75 % de la masse ou 92 % du volume) et d\u2019h\u00e9lium (25 % de la masse ou 8 % du volume)8. Autour de lui gravitent la Terre (\u00e0 la vitesse de 30 km\/s), sept autres plan\u00e8tes, au moins cinq plan\u00e8tes naines, de tr\u00e8s nombreux ast\u00e9ro\u00efdes et com\u00e8tes et une bande de poussi\u00e8re. Le Soleil repr\u00e9sente \u00e0 lui seul 99,86 % de la masse du Syst\u00e8me solaire ainsi constitu\u00e9, Jupiter repr\u00e9sentant plus des deux tiers du reste.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Donn\u00e9es observ\u00e9es<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Demi-grand axe<\/a><\/p>\n

de l\u2019orbite<\/a> de la Terre<\/a> (1\u00a0ua<\/a><\/span>)<\/th>\n

149\u00a0597\u00a0870\u00a0km<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Magnitude apparente<\/a><\/th>\n\u221226,74<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Magnitude absolue<\/a><\/th>\n4,83<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Caract\u00e9ristiques orbitales<\/a><\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Distance du centre<\/p>\n

de la Voie lact\u00e9e<\/a><\/th>\n

2,50\u00d71017<\/sup>\u00a0km<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

(8\u00a0700\u00a0pc<\/a><\/span>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

P\u00e9riode galactique<\/a><\/th>\n2,26\u00d7108<\/sup>\u00a0ann\u00e9es<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Vitesse<\/th>\n217\u00a0km\/s<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Caract\u00e9ristiques physiques<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Diam\u00e8tre<\/a> moyen<\/th>\n1\u00a0392\u00a0684\u00a0km<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Rayon<\/a> \u00e9quatorial<\/th>\n696\u00a0342\u00a0km<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Circonf\u00e9rence<\/a> \u00e9quatorial<\/th>\n4,379\u00d7106<\/sup>\u00a0km<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Aplatissement<\/a> aux p\u00f4les<\/th>\n9\u00d710-6<\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Surface<\/a><\/th>\n6,0877\u00d71012<\/sup>\u00a0km<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Volume<\/a><\/th>\n1,412\u00d71018<\/sup>\u00a0km<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Masse<\/a> (M<\/i>\u2609<\/sub><\/small>)<\/th>\n1,9891\u00d71030<\/sup>\u00a0kg<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Masse volumique<\/a><\/th>\nmoyenne<\/td>\n1\u00a0408\u00a0kg\u22c5m-3<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
au centre<\/td>\n150\u00a0000\u00a0kg\u22c5m-3<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gravit\u00e9<\/a> \u00e0 la surface<\/th>\n273,95\u00a0m\u22c5s-2<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Vitesse de lib\u00e9ration<\/a><\/th>\n617,54\u00a0km\/s<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Temp\u00e9rature<\/a><\/th>\nau centre<\/td>\n15,1\u00a0MK<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00e0 la surface<\/td>\n5\u00a0750\u00a0K<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
couronne<\/a><\/td>\n5\u00a0MK<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Flux \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique<\/a><\/th>\n3,826\u00d71026<\/sup>\u00a0W<\/a><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Type spectral<\/a><\/th>\nG2\u2013V<\/span><\/abbr>2<\/a><\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u00e9tallicit\u00e9<\/a><\/th>\nZ<\/i> = 0.01227<\/a><\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Rotation<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Inclinaison<\/p>\n

de l\u2019axe<\/a><\/th>\n

\/\u00e9cliptique<\/a><\/td>\n7,25\u00ba<\/abbr><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\/plan Galaxie<\/a><\/td>\n67,23\u00ba<\/abbr><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ascension droite<\/a> du p\u00f4le nord<\/th>\n286,13\u00ba<\/abbr><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D\u00e9clinaison<\/a> du p\u00f4le nord<\/th>\n63,87\u00ba<\/abbr><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Vitesse, latitude<\/a> 0<\/span><\/th>\n7\u00a0008,17\u00a0km\u22c5h-1<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
P\u00e9riode<\/p>\n

de rotation<\/a><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n

latitude 0\u00a0\u00b0<\/span><\/td>\n24 j<\/abbr><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
latitude 30\u00a0\u00b0<\/span><\/td>\n28 j<\/abbr><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
latitude 60\u00a0\u00b0<\/span><\/td>\n30,5 j<\/abbr><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
latitude 75\u00a0\u00b0<\/span><\/td>\n31,5 j<\/abbr><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
moyenne<\/td>\n27,28 j<\/abbr><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Composition photosph\u00e9rique<\/a> (en masse)<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hydrog\u00e8ne<\/a><\/th>\n73,46\u00a0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u00e9lium<\/a><\/th>\n24,85\u00a0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Oxyg\u00e8ne<\/a><\/th>\n0,77\u00a0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Carbone<\/a><\/th>\n0,29\u00a0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fer<\/a><\/th>\n0,16\u00a0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
N\u00e9on<\/a><\/th>\n0,12\u00a0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Azote<\/a><\/th>\n0,09\u00a0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Silicium<\/a><\/th>\n0,07\u00a0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Magn\u00e9sium<\/a><\/th>\n0,05\u00a0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Soufre<\/a><\/th>\n0,04\u00a0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Comparaison entre la taille du Soleil et de quelques autres \u00e9toiles<\/p>\n

\"\" \u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0Aspect du Soleil le 26 octobre 2022<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttp:\/\/astrodan.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/Eclipses\/FgB6PRQXkAI6o54.jpg\u00a0\u00bb title_text=\u00a0\u00bbFgB6PRQXkAI6o54″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.20.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le Soleil est l\u2019\u00e9toile du Syst\u00e8me solaire. Dans la classification astronomique, c\u2019est une \u00e9toile de type naine jaune, compos\u00e9e d\u2019hydrog\u00e8ne (75 % de la masse ou 92 % du volume) et d\u2019h\u00e9lium (25 % de la masse ou 8 % du volume)8. Autour de lui gravitent la Terre (\u00e0 la vitesse de 30 km\/s), sept […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":118,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"

Le Soleil est l\u2019\u00e9toile du Syst\u00e8me solaire. Dans la classification astronomique, c\u2019est une \u00e9toile de type naine jaune, compos\u00e9e d\u2019hydrog\u00e8ne (75 % de la masse ou 92 % du volume) et d\u2019h\u00e9lium (25 % de la masse ou 8 % du volume)8. Autour de lui gravitent la Terre (\u00e0 la vitesse de 30 km\/s), sept autres plan\u00e8tes, au moins cinq plan\u00e8tes naines, de tr\u00e8s nombreux ast\u00e9ro\u00efdes et com\u00e8tes et une bande de poussi\u00e8re. Le Soleil repr\u00e9sente \u00e0 lui seul 99,86 % de la masse du Syst\u00e8me solaire ainsi constitu\u00e9, Jupiter repr\u00e9sentant plus des deux tiers du reste.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Donn\u00e9es observ\u00e9es<\/b><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Demi-grand axe<\/a>
\r\nde l\u2019orbite<\/a> de la Terre<\/a> (1 ua<\/a><\/span>)<\/th>\r\n		149 597 870 km<\/a><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Magnitude apparente<\/a><\/th>\r\n\u221226,74<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Magnitude absolue<\/a><\/th>\r\n4,83<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Caract\u00e9ristiques orbitales<\/a><\/b><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Distance du centre
\r\nde la Voie lact\u00e9e<\/a><\/th>\r\n		2,50\u00d71017<\/sup> km<\/a><\/span>
\r\n(8 700 pc<\/a><\/span>)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
P\u00e9riode galactique<\/a><\/th>\r\n2,26\u00d7108<\/sup> ann\u00e9es<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Vitesse<\/th>\r\n217 km\/s<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Caract\u00e9ristiques physiques<\/b><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Diam\u00e8tre<\/a> moyen<\/th>\r\n1 392 684 km<\/a><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Rayon<\/a> \u00e9quatorial<\/th>\r\n696 342 km<\/a><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Circonf\u00e9rence<\/a> \u00e9quatorial<\/th>\r\n4,379\u00d7106<\/sup> km<\/a><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Aplatissement<\/a> aux p\u00f4les<\/th>\r\n9\u00d710-6<\/sup><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Surface<\/a><\/th>\r\n6,0877\u00d71012<\/sup> km<\/a><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Volume<\/a><\/th>\r\n1,412\u00d71018<\/sup> km<\/a><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Masse<\/a> (M<\/i>\u2609<\/sub><\/small>)<\/th>\r\n1,9891\u00d71030<\/sup> kg<\/a><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Masse volumique<\/a><\/th>\r\nmoyenne<\/td>\r\n1 408 kg\u22c5m-3<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
au centre<\/td>\r\n150 000 kg\u22c5m-3<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Gravit\u00e9<\/a> \u00e0 la surface<\/th>\r\n273,95 m\u22c5s-2<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Vitesse de lib\u00e9ration<\/a><\/th>\r\n617,54 km\/s<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Temp\u00e9rature<\/a><\/th>\r\nau centre<\/td>\r\n15,1 MK<\/a><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u00e0 la surface<\/td>\r\n5 750 K<\/a><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
couronne<\/a><\/td>\r\n5 MK<\/a><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Flux \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique<\/a><\/th>\r\n3,826\u00d71026<\/sup> W<\/a><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Type spectral<\/a><\/th>\r\nG2\u2013V<\/span><\/abbr>2<\/a><\/sup><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
M\u00e9tallicit\u00e9<\/a><\/th>\r\nZ<\/i> = 0.01227<\/a><\/sup><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Rotation<\/b><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Inclinaison
\r\nde l\u2019axe<\/a><\/th>\r\n		\/\u00e9cliptique<\/a><\/td>\r\n7,25\u00ba<\/abbr><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\/plan Galaxie<\/a><\/td>\r\n67,23\u00ba<\/abbr><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Ascension droite<\/a> du p\u00f4le nord<\/th>\r\n286,13\u00ba<\/abbr><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
D\u00e9clinaison<\/a> du p\u00f4le nord<\/th>\r\n63,87\u00ba<\/abbr><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Vitesse, latitude<\/a> 0<\/span><\/th>\r\n7 008,17 km\u22c5h-1<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
P\u00e9riode
\r\nde rotation<\/a><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
latitude 0 \u00b0<\/span><\/td>\r\n24 j<\/abbr><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
latitude 30 \u00b0<\/span><\/td>\r\n28 j<\/abbr><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
latitude 60 \u00b0<\/span><\/td>\r\n30,5 j<\/abbr><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
latitude 75 \u00b0<\/span><\/td>\r\n31,5 j<\/abbr><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
moyenne<\/td>\r\n27,28 j<\/abbr><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Composition photosph\u00e9rique<\/a> (en masse)<\/b><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Hydrog\u00e8ne<\/a><\/th>\r\n73,46 %<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
H\u00e9lium<\/a><\/th>\r\n24,85 %<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Oxyg\u00e8ne<\/a><\/th>\r\n0,77 %<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Carbone<\/a><\/th>\r\n0,29 %<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Fer<\/a><\/th>\r\n0,16 %<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
N\u00e9on<\/a><\/th>\r\n0,12 %<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Azote<\/a><\/th>\r\n0,09 %<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Silicium<\/a><\/th>\r\n0,07 %<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Magn\u00e9sium<\/a><\/th>\r\n0,05 %<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Soufre<\/a><\/th>\r\n0,04 %<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

Comparaison entre la taille du Soleil et de quelques autres \u00e9toiles<\/p>\r\n

\"\"  <\/p>\r\n

 <\/p>","_et_gb_content_width":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/astrodan.fr\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/287"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/astrodan.fr\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/astrodan.fr\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/astrodan.fr\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/astrodan.fr\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=287"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/astrodan.fr\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/287\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4869,"href":"http:\/\/astrodan.fr\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/287\/revisions\/4869"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/astrodan.fr\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/118"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/astrodan.fr\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=287"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}